Thaum lub sijhawm kev lag luam hloov pauv, puas yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm lub zog roj teeb rov ua dua?

Raws li Gasgoo's "Power Battery Ladder Utilization and Recycling Industry Report (2024 Edition)" (tom qab no hu ua "Report"), nyob rau hauv 2023, 623,000 tons ntawm cov roj teeb uas twb muaj lawm yuav rov qab siv dua hauv tsev, thiab xav tias yuav ncav cuag 1.2 lab. tons hauv 2025, thiab yuav rov siv dua hauv 2030. Txog 6 lab tons.

Niaj hnub no, Ministry of Industry thiab Information Technology tau txwv tsis pub lees txais daim ntawv teev npe dawb ntawm cov tuam txhab siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov nqi roj teeb-qib lithium carbonate tau nqis mus rau 80,000 yuan / tuj. Tus nqi rov ua dua ntawm nickel, cobalt thiab manganese cov ntaub ntawv hauv kev lag luam tshaj 99%. Nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm ntau yam xws li khoom siv, tus nqi, txoj cai, thiab thev naus laus zis, kev lag luam roj teeb hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab, uas tab tom hloov lub sijhawm hloov tshiab, tej zaum yuav mus txog qhov cuam tshuam.
Lub nthwv dej ntawm decommissioning yog nce mus, thiab kev lag luam tseem yuav tsum tau ua raws li tus qauv

Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm lub zog tshiab tsheb tau ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv kev txhim kho lub peev xwm ntawm cov roj teeb hluav taws xob, muab kev txhawb nqa muaj zog rau qhov chaw loj hlob ntawm lub zog siv hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab, lub zog tshiab tom qab kev lag luam.

Raws li kev txheeb cais los ntawm Ministry of Public Security, txog rau thaum kawg ntawm Lub Rau Hli, tus naj npawb ntawm lub zog tshiab tsheb thoob tebchaws tau nce mus txog 24.72 lab, suav txog 7.18% ntawm tag nrho cov tsheb. Muaj 18.134 lab lub tsheb hluav taws xob ntshiab, suav txog 73.35% ntawm tag nrho cov tsheb tshiab zog. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tso tawm los ntawm Tuam Tshoj Automotive Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance, nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo no ib leeg, cov cumulative nruab muaj peev xwm ntawm lub hwj chim roj teeb nyob rau hauv kuv lub teb chaws yog 203.3GWh.

"Tshaj Tawm" tau taw qhia tias txij li xyoo 2015, kuv lub teb chaws lub zog tshiab tsheb muag tau pom tias muaj kev loj hlob tawg, thiab lub peev xwm ntawm cov roj teeb hluav taws xob tau nce ntxiv. Raws li qhov nruab nrab roj teeb lub neej ntawm 5 mus rau 8 xyoo, cov roj teeb hluav taws xob yog hais txog mus rau hauv nthwv dej ntawm cov nyiaj laus loj.

Nws kuj tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias cov roj teeb uas siv hluav taws xob muaj teeb meem rau ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg lub cev. Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm txhua feem ntawm lub hwj chim roj teeb tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog qee yam khoom hauv ib puag ncig los tsim cov pa phem. Thaum lawv nkag mus rau hauv av, dej thiab cua, lawv yuav ua rau muaj kuab paug loj. Cov hlau xws li txhuas, mercury, cobalt, npib tsib xee, tooj liab, thiab manganese kuj muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tuaj yeem sib sau hauv tib neeg lub cev los ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus, ua rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv.

Kev kho mob hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov roj teeb lithium-ion siv thiab rov ua dua cov ntaub ntawv hlau yog cov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb los xyuas kom tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev loj hlob ntawm ib puag ncig. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm cov loj-scale nyiaj so haujlwm ntawm lub hwj chim roj teeb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb thiab ceev ceev kom zoo lis siv fais fab roj teeb.

Txhawm rau txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov qauv kev lag luam roj teeb rov ua dua tshiab, Ministry of Industry thiab Information Technology tau txhawb nqa ib pab pawg ntawm cov tuam txhab siv roj teeb uas ua raws. Txog tam sim no, nws tau tshaj tawm daim ntawv teev npe dawb ntawm 156 lub tuam txhab hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab hauv 5 pawg, suav nrog 93 lub tuam txhab uas muaj peev xwm siv cov kev tsim nyog, rhuav tshem cov tuam txhab, Muaj 51 lub tuam txhab uas muaj peev xwm rov ua dua tshiab thiab 12 lub tuam txhab nrog ob qho kev tsim nyog.

Ntxiv nrog rau cov lus hais saum toj no "cov tub rog tsis tu ncua", lub hwj chim roj teeb rov ua lag luam nrog kev ua lag luam muaj peev xwm tau nyiam cov khoom lag luam ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab, thiab kev sib tw hauv tag nrho cov lithium roj teeb rov ua lag luam tau qhia txog qhov xwm txheej me me thiab tawg.

Daim ntawv qhia "Tshaj tawm" tau taw qhia tias txij Lub Rau Hli 25 xyoo no, muaj 180,878 lub tuam txhab hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob nyob hauv lub neej, ntawm 49,766 yuav tsum tau sau npe rau xyoo 2023, suav txog 27.5% ntawm tag nrho lub neej. Ntawm cov tuam txhab 180,000 no, 65% tau sau npe peev tsawg dua 5 lab, thiab yog "kev cob qhia me me" cov tuam txhab uas muaj zog, cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tshiab, thiab cov qauv kev lag luam yuav tsum tau txhim kho thiab txhim kho ntxiv.

Qee qhov kev lag luam sab hauv tau ua kom pom tseeb tias kuv lub teb chaws lub hwj chim roj teeb cascade siv thiab rov ua dua tshiab muaj lub hauv paus zoo rau kev txhim kho, tab sis lub hwj chim roj teeb rov ua lag luam yog nyob rau hauv chaos, lub peev xwm siv tau zoo yuav tsum tau txhim kho, thiab cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tshiab yuav tsum tau ua. txhim kho.

Nrog ntau yam xwm txheej superimposed, kev lag luam tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov cuam tshuam

"Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Txhim Kho ntawm Tuam Tshoj Lithium-ion Battery Recycling, Dismantling and Echelon Utilization Industry (2024)" tso tawm los ntawm Tuam Tshoj Battery Industry Research Institute thiab lwm lub koom haum qhia tau hais tias nyob rau hauv 2023, 623,000 tons ntawm lithium-ion roj teeb tau siv tiag tiag. Thoob plaws hauv lub tebchaws, tab sis tsuas yog 156 lub tuam txhab tshaj tawm los ntawm Ministry of Industry thiab Information Technology Lub npe nominal muaj peev xwm ntawm cov tuam txhab uas ua tau raws li kev siv cov roj teeb pov tseg muaj peev xwm ncav cuag 3.793 lab tons / xyoo, thiab lub peev xwm siv tau ntawm tag nrho kev lag luam yog tsuas yog 16.4%.

Gasgoo nkag siab tias vim muaj yam xws li tus nqi cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom siv roj teeb, kev lag luam tam sim no tau nkag mus rau theem hloov tshiab. Qee lub tuam txhab tau muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm tag nrho cov kev lag luam tsis ntau tshaj 25%.

Raws li kuv lub teb chaws tshiab lub zog tsheb kev lag luam txav los ntawm kev loj hlob sai mus rau kev loj hlob zoo, kev saib xyuas ntawm lub hwj chim roj teeb rov ua lag luam kuj tau nce zuj zus, thiab cov qauv kev lag luam yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo.

Thaum Lub Peb Hlis Ntuj xyoo no, thaum Ministry of Industry thiab Information Technology tau tshaj tawm "Daim Ntawv Ceeb Toom Txog Kev Txhim Kho Daim Ntawv Thov rau Kev Lag Luam nrog Cov Txheej Txheem rau Kev Siv Cov Khoom Siv Txuas Ntxiv thiab Kev Txhim Kho Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob thiab Hluav Taws Xob hauv 2024" rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv nroog thiab cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm. , nws tau hais tias "kev ncua kev lees paub ntawm lub zog tshiab lub tsheb fais fab roj teeb kev siv dav dav" Ua kom siv cov qauv txheej txheem rau kev tshaj tawm kev lag luam." Nws tau tshaj tawm tias lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov kev ncua no yog txhawm rau rov tshuaj xyuas cov tuam txhab uas tau teev npe dawb, thiab tawm tswv yim kho kom raug rau cov tuam txhab teev npe dawb uas twb muaj lawm uas tsis tsim nyog, lossis tseem tshem tawm cov ntawv teev npe dawb.

Kev ncua ntawm daim ntawv thov kev tsim nyog tau ua rau ntau lub tuam txhab xav tsis thoob uas tau npaj los koom nrog "cov tub rog tsis tu ncua" ntawm lub hwj chim roj teeb rov ua dua daim ntawv teev npe dawb. Tam sim no, hauv kev sib tw rau qhov loj thiab nruab nrab-qhov loj me lithium roj teeb rov ua dua tshiab, nws tau hais meej meej tias cov tuam txhab yuav tsum tau teev npe dawb. Qhov kev txav no tau xa cov teeb liab txias rau lithium roj teeb rov ua lag luam rau kev tsim peev txheej peev thiab kev tsim kho. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov no kuj nce cov ntsiab lus tsim nyog ntawm cov tuam txhab uas twb tau txais daim ntawv teev npe dawb.

Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis ntev los no tau tshaj tawm "Kev Npaj Ua Haujlwm rau Txhawb Cov Khoom Siv Loj Loj Hloov Kho thiab Kev Lag Luam ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Khoom" tawm tswv yim txhawm rau txhim kho cov qauv kev lag luam thiab cov cai tam sim no rau cov roj teeb uas tsis muaj zog, cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab, thiab lwm yam yav dhau los, cov roj teeb hluav taws xob txawv teb chaws so haujlwm. raug txwv los ntawm kev ntshuam hauv kuv lub tebchaws. Tam sim no kev ntshuam ntawm cov roj teeb hluav taws xob so haujlwm yog nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem, uas kuj tau tshaj tawm txoj cai tshiab teeb liab hauv kuv lub teb chaws lub hwj chim roj teeb kev tswj hwm.

Thaum lub Yim Hli, tus nqi roj teeb-qib lithium carbonate tau tshaj 80,000 yuan / tuj, ua tus duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm lub hwj chim roj teeb rov ua lag luam. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm los ntawm Shanghai Steel Federation thaum Lub Yim Hli 9, tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm cov roj teeb-qib lithium carbonate tau tshaj tawm ntawm 79,500 yuan / tuj. Tus nqi nce ntawm roj teeb-qib lithium carbonate tau tsav tus nqi ntawm lithium roj teeb rov ua dua tshiab, nyiam cov tuam txhab los ntawm txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub neej kom maj mus rau hauv kev rov ua dua tshiab. Niaj hnub no, tus nqi ntawm lithium carbonate tseem poob qis, uas tau cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam, nrog rau cov tuam txhab uas siv cov khoom siv rov ua dua cov kev cuam tshuam.

Txhua ntawm peb tus qauv muaj nws tus kheej qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, thiab kev koom tes yuav tsum tau los ua qhov tseem ceeb.

Tom qab cov roj teeb hluav taws xob raug tshem tawm, kev siv thib ob thiab kev rhuav tshem thiab rov ua dua yog ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev pov tseg. Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem kev siv echelon yog qhov nyuaj heev, thiab kev lag luam xav tau kev nce qib thev naus laus zis thiab kev txhim kho cov xwm txheej tshiab. Lub ntsiab ntawm kev rhuav tshem thiab rov ua dua tshiab yog kom tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev siv tshuab thiab cov channel yog cov tseem ceeb cuam tshuam.

Cov "Tshaj Tawm" taw qhia tias raws li cov chaw sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab, tam sim no muaj peb qhov kev rov ua dua tshiab hauv kev lag luam: cov tuam txhab roj teeb hluav taws xob ua lub cev tseem ceeb, cov tuam txhab tsheb ua lub cev tseem ceeb, thiab cov tuam txhab thib peb yog lub cev tseem ceeb.

Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev poob profitability thiab cov kev cov nyom loj nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim roj teeb recycle kev lag luam, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm peb cov qauv recycling no yog tag nrho cov ua tau profitability los ntawm kev siv technology tshiab, kev lag luam qauv hloov, thiab lwm yam.

Nws tau tshaj tawm tias txhawm rau txo cov nqi tsim khoom ntxiv, ua tiav cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab thiab ua kom cov khoom siv raw, cov tuam txhab roj teeb hluav taws xob xws li CATL, Guoxuan High-Tech, thiab Yiwei Lithium Zog tau siv cov roj teeb lithium rov ua dua thiab rov tsim dua tshiab.

Pan Xuexing, tus thawj coj ntawm kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov ntawm CATL, ib zaug tau hais tias CATL muaj nws tus kheej ib-nres roj teeb rov ua dua tshiab, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav cov lus qhia kaw-kho rov siv dua ntawm cov roj teeb. Cov roj teeb pov tseg tau ncaj qha mus rau hauv cov khoom siv roj teeb los ntawm cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tshiab, uas tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha rau hauv cov roj teeb hauv cov kauj ruam tom ntej. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm pej xeem, CATL's recycle thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem ua tiav tus nqi rov qab ntawm 99.6% rau npib tsib xee, cobalt thiab manganese, thiab tus nqi rov qab ntawm lithium ntawm 91%. Xyoo 2023, CATL tau tsim kwv yees li 13,000 tons ntawm lithium carbonate thiab rov siv dua li ntawm 100,000 tons ntawm cov roj teeb siv.

Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo tas los, "Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Ntsuas rau Kev Siv Cov Roj Hmab Hluav Taws Xob rau Cov Tsheb Hluav Taws Xob Tshiab (Draft for Comments)" tau tshaj tawm, qhia meej txog lub luag haujlwm uas ntau lub koom haum ua lag luam yuav tsum tau ua tiav hauv kev siv cov roj teeb hluav taws xob. Raws li txoj cai, cov tuam txhab tsim tsheb yuav tsum ris lub luag haujlwm rau cov roj teeb uas tau teeb tsa. Recycling subject lub luag hauj lwm.

Tam sim no, OEMs kuj tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev siv hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab. Geely Automobile tau tshaj tawm rau Lub Xya Hli 24 tias nws tab tom txhim kho kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab rov ua dua tshiab ntawm lub zog tsheb tshiab thiab tau ua tiav qhov rov qab los ntawm ntau dua 99% rau cov khoom siv nickel, cobalt thiab manganese hauv cov roj teeb hluav taws xob.

Raws li qhov kawg ntawm xyoo 2023, Geely's Evergreen Tshiab Zog tau ua tiav tag nrho ntawm 9,026.98 tons ntawm cov roj teeb siv hluav taws xob thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov txheej txheem taug qab, ua rau kwv yees li 4,923 tons ntawm nickel sulfate, 2,210 tons ntawm cobalt sulfate, 1,974 tons ntawm manganese sulfate. thiab 1,681 tons ntawm lithium carbonate. Cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab yog siv rau Kev Npaj ntawm peb lub tuam txhab ternary precursor khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm kev sim tshwj xeeb ntawm cov roj teeb qub uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov echelon, lawv tau siv rau Geely tus kheej ntawm qhov chaw logistics forklifts. Tam sim no kev sim ua haujlwm rau kev siv echelon ntawm forklifts tau pib. Tom qab tus tsav ua tiav, nws tuaj yeem nce mus rau tag nrho pawg. Thaum ntawd, nws tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm ntau dua 2,000 lub tsheb fais fab hauv pab pawg. Kev ua haujlwm txhua hnub xav tau ntawm forklift.

Raws li lub tuam txhab thib peb, GEM kuj tau hais hauv nws tsab ntawv tshaj tawm dhau los tias nws tau rov siv dua thiab rhuav tshem 7,900 tons ntawm cov roj teeb hluav taws xob (0.88GWh) hauv thawj peb lub hlis twg ntawm lub xyoo no, ib xyoos ib zaug nce ntawm 27.47%, thiab npaj rau rov siv dua thiab rhuav tshem 45,000 tons ntawm cov roj teeb hluav taws xob thoob plaws hauv lub xyoo. Xyoo 2023, GEM tau rov siv dua thiab rhuav tshem 27,454 tons ntawm cov roj teeb hluav taws xob (3.05GWh), ib xyoos ib zaug nce ntawm 57.49%. Kev lag luam roj teeb fais fab rov ua lag luam tau ua tiav cov nyiaj tau los ntawm 1.131 billion yuan, ib xyoos ib zaug nce ntawm 81.98%. Tsis tas li ntawd, GEM tam sim no muaj 5 lub zog pov tseg hluav taws xob tshiab siv hluav taws xob siv cov qauv tshaj tawm cov tuam txhab, feem ntau hauv Suav teb, thiab tau tsim cov qauv kev coj ua rov ua dua tshiab nrog BYD, Mercedes-Benz Tuam Tshoj, Guangzhou Automobile Group, Dongfeng Cov Tsheb Loj, Chery Tsheb, lwm..

Txhua ntawm peb tus qauv muaj nws tus kheej zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Recycling nrog roj teeb manufacturers raws li lub ntsiab lub cev yog conducive rau realizing lub directional recycling ntawm cov roj teeb siv. OEMs tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig pom tseeb los ua kom tag nrho cov nqi rov qab qis dua, thaum cov tuam txhab thib peb tuaj yeem pab roj teeb. Maximize kev siv cov peev txheej.

Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, yuav ua li cas rhuav tshem cov teeb meem hauv kev lag luam roj teeb?

"Tshaj Tawm" hais txog tias kev sib koom ua lag luam nrog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm qhov nruab nrab thiab qis qis ntawm cov khoom lag luam yuav pab tsim cov roj teeb kaw rov siv dua thiab rov siv dua kev lag luam saw nrog kev ua haujlwm siab thiab tus nqi qis. Kev lag luam sib koom ua ke nrog kev koom tes nrog ntau tog yuav tsum ua tus qauv tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv roj teeb.